Physics Practical Chapter 1 Measurements

1.1 To measure the Cross Sectional area of a Solid Cylinder with Vernier Callipers

Observation and Calculations

Least Count (L.C) = 1/10 mm = 0.1 mm Or 0.01cm
Zero error = 0.00 cm
Zero correction ZC = ± 0.00 cm

No. Main scale
Reading M
cm
No of Vanier
Division Coinciding
with the MS
division n
Fraction to be added
X=nxL.C
Observed Diameter
Y=M+X
cm
Corrected Diameter
D=Y±ZC
1 0.9 5 0.05 0.95 0.95
2 0.9 4 0.04 0.94 0.94
3 0.9 3 0.03 0.93 0.93

Mean diameter D= (0.95+0.94+0.93)/3
D = 0.94 cm
Radius of cylinder r = D/2
r= 0.94/2 = 0.47 cm

Result
Cross Sectional Are of Cylinder
A = πr2
= (3.14)(0.47)2 = 0.694 cm2

 

1.2 Determine the Volume of a Solid Cylinder by Measuring its Length and diameter with Vernier Calliper

Observations and Calculations
Least Count (L.C) = 1/10 mm = 0.1 mm Or 0.01cm
Zero error = 0.00 cm
Zero correction ZC = ± 0.00 cm

Quantity No. Main scale
Reading M
cm
No of Vanier Division
Coinciding with the
MS division n
Fraction to be added
X=nxL.C
Observed Value
Y=M+X
cm
Corrected Value
D=Y±ZC

Length

L

1 2.5 3 0.03 2.53 2.53
2 2.5 2 0.02 2.52 2.52
3 2.5 2 0.02 2.52 2.52
Diameter

M

1 0.8 5 0.05 0.85 0.95
2 0.8 4 0.04 0.84 0.94
3 0.8 3 0.03 0.83 0.93

Mean length L= (2.53+2.52+2.52)/3
L = 2.52 cm
Mean diameter D= (0.85+0.84+0.83)/3
D = 0.84 cm
Radius of cylinder r = D/2
r= 0.84/2 = 0.42 cm

Result
Volume of Solid Cylinder
V = πr2L
V = (3.14)(0.42)2(2.52) = 1.39 cm3

 

1.3 To Measure the Thickness  of a Metal Strip or Wire by Screw Gauge

Observation and Calculations

Pitch of screw gauge = 1 mm
Number of division of circular scale = 100
Least Count (L.C) = 1/100 mm = 0.01 mm
Zero error = 0.00 mm
Zero correction ZC = ± 0.00 mm

No. Main scale
Reading M
mm
No of Vanier
Division Coinciding
with the MS
division n
Fraction to be added
X=nxL.C
Observed Diameter
Y=M+X
mm
Corrected Diameter
T=Y±ZC
1 6 41 0.41 6.41 6.41
2 6 43 0.43 6.43 6.43
3 6 45 0.45 6.45 6.45

Result
Mean Thickness of wire  T= (6.41+6.43+6.45)/3
T = 6.43 mm