UNIT NO.1
Emerging Technologies
(Solved Exercise)
Tick (✓) the correct option.
Answers are given at the end of book.
Briefly answer the following question:
1. Discuss Robotics and its applications.
Answer: Robotics is an interdisciplinary branch of Computer Science and Mechanical Engineering that involves the design, manufacture, operation and use of robots. Robots are mostly used in manufacturing industries, medical field, agriculture, military and entertainment etc.
2. What is Artificial Intelligence? How is it helpful for humans?
Answer: Artificial Intelligence refers to technologies that makes device acts and think like human. It is helpful in many ways for human. It can automate repetitive tasks, improve healthcare outcomes, enhance cybersecurity, and support decision-making in various industries etc.
3. Who does operate a self-driven cars?
Answer: Self-driving cars are operated by a combination of sensors, software, and control systems that are integrated into the vehicle.
4. Differentiate between 2D and 3D printing.
Answer: 2D printing involves printing a two-dimensional image or text onto a flat surface such as paper While 3D printing is a process that creates a three-dimensional physical object from a digital design.
5. Write down functions of USB port.
Answer: USB port is a plug and play interface that allows a computer to communicate with peripheral, data transfer, power supply, and charging. It also enables easy installation and use of external devices, such as printers, keyboards, mice, and storage devices.
6. Differentiate between Type-C and HDMI ports.
Answer: Type-C ports are primarily used for data transfer, charging, and connectivity with various peripherals. While HDMI stands for “High Definition Media Interface” is digital interface developed to connect high definition devices such as digital cameras, LED’s and gaming console etc., to computers with HDMI ports.
7. What is usage of SATA ports?
Answer: The usage of SATA ports is to enable storage devices, such as hard drives and optical devices to communicate with the motherboard using a high-speed serial cable over two pairs of conductors.
8. For which purpose do we use PCIe.
Answer: PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is used to connect various high-speed components, such as GPUs (video cards, graphic cards), Wi-Fi cards, or SSD cards to computer’s motherboard.
9. Discuss computer Peripherals.
Answer: Peripheral device are also known as Peripherals , computer peripheral or input/output device. Peripherals are commonly divided into three kinds: input devices, output devices, storage devices.
10. Differentiate between Hovering and scrolling.
Answer: Hovering involves moving the mouse pointer over an element without clicking, it changes the color of links. By clicking on that link, you can go on the destination page. Scrolling, on the other hand, involves moving the page up or down when working on a large document, by using scroll button of the mouse.
11. Discuss printers and their types.
Answer: A printer is an output device that prints on paper. Printers print text documents, image or a combination of both. There are several types of printers. Two most common types of printers are inkjet and laser printers. Laser printers are typical choice for businesses as well as individuals. 3D printers and LED printers also types of printers are used at industrial level.
12. For which purpose do we use Scanner?
Answer: Scanner is used when some information is available on paper and it is to be transferred in the computer for further manipulation. Scanner capture image from the paper and convert them into a digital form that can be stored in computer.
13. Discuss main properties of Scanner.
Answer:
- Resolution: The resolution of a scanner refers to the number of dots per inch (dpi) that it can capture. More dots per inch mean high quality of scanning.
- Color depth: The color depth of a scanner refers to the number of bits needed for the representation of the color of each pixel. The higher the color depths, the more colors the scanner can capture.
- Recognition: To scan a document optical character recognition is essential. The computer must convert the file to a text document to identify alphanumeric character. A scanner provide this facility.
Answer the following questions in detail.
- Define emerging technology, discuss three real world examples.
Answer:The term emerging technology is generally used to describe a new technology, it may also refer to the advancement in existing technology.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial intelligence refers to technologies that make device act and think like human. Voice recognition and decision-making are features of human intelligence that artificial intelligence may process,
• Self-driving Cars
A self-driving car, also known as robotic car that is capable of sensing its environment and moving safely with little or no human input. Many companies such as Google, and Tesla have been developing and using self-driven cars for several years.
• 3D Printing
Three-dimension (3D) printing is a process that creates a three-dimension physical objects from a digital design. 3D printers may also be called additive manufacturing printers or fabrication printers.
2.What are Holographic imaging? Discuss its application.
Answer: A hologram is a three-dimensional image, created with photographic projection. Unlike 3D or virtual reality on a two-dimensional computer display, a hologram is a truly three-dimensional and free-standing image.
Applications:
• Holographic imaging can be used imaging for more accurate result.
• It can be used for security purpose.
• It can be used in advertising and marketing
• It can be used to inspect quality of products in the manufacturing industry.
3. Discuss Computer Ports and their types .
Answer:
Computer Port :
A port is a physical point or a jack provided on a computer using which an external device can be connected to the computer. It acts as an interface or a point of attachment between computer and external devices .
Types of Ports:
USB Port :
USB is a plug and play interface that allows a computer to communicate with peripheral and other devices. Today , it has replaced ps/2 connecters , game ports , serials and parallel ports.
Type-C Port :
It is the latest design of the USB port that comes with 24 pins. It can handle a current of 3A. It is also used in devices for fast charging. One of the distinguishing features of this port is that it has no up or down orientation.
HDMI Port :
HDMI Stands for” High Definition Media Interface” is a digital interface developed to connect high definition devices such as digital camera, LED’s and gaming consoles, etc, to computer with HDMI ports.
SATA Port :
SATA stand for SERIAL ADVANCED TECHONOLOGY ATTACHMENT. It is also known as serial ATA or SATA . It enables storage devices, such as hard drives and optical devices, to communicate with motherboard using a high – speed serial cable over two pairs of conductors.
EXPRESS PORT :
PCI stands for Peripherals Component Interconnect. It is also known as PCIe . It is an interface standard for connecting high speed components with your computer system. Every desktop PC has a number of PCIe slots. You can use PCIe to add GPUs (video cards, graphic cards) WI-FI cards.
4.What is computer mouse? Discuss its functions.
Answer:
Mouse
A mouse is a small input device which is used to control the movement of the cursor on the computer screen.
It also allows users to move and select folders, text, files, and icons on a computer. Mouse is put on a hard-flat
Surface to use. When the user move the mouse, a pointer called cursor moves in the same direction on the
Display screen.
Functions of mouse
A mouse is capable of performing various functions on a computer, Some of them are
as follows.
Move the Mouse Pointer
The main function of a mouse is to move the mouse cursor on the screen in the desired direction.
Select
A mouse provides the option to select the text, file, or folder and many files at once.
Open a Program
You can open a folder, icon, or other objects using mouse just by double click.
Drag-and-drop
When you select something, it can also be moved from one place to another.
Hovering
When you move the mouse pointer on any object, hover changes the color of links, and by clicking on that link,
you can go on the destination page.
Scroll up and Down
If you are working on a large document, you need to scroll up or down a page. Scroll button of the mouse helps to up and down your document page.
5. Differentiate between Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR).
Answer:
Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that enables a person to interact with an artificial three-dimensional visual or other sensory environment. VR technology is widely used in medical and manufacturing industries.
Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality (AR) is the integration of real-world environment and computer-generated content. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), AR users experience a real-world environment with generated information overlaid on top of it. AR plays an important role in medical science.
6. What is keyboard? Discuss its main components.
Answer:
Keyboard
Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device. It helps to input data into the computer. The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided for additional functions.
Components of Keyboard
A standard computer keyboard is composed of the following components:
Typing keys
These keys include letter, number, punctuation, and symbol keys found on a traditional keyboard.
Control keys
These keys are used alone or in combination with other keys to perform certain actions. The most frequently used control keys are Ctrl, Alt, the Windows logo key and Esc.
Function keys
The function keys are used to perform specific tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3, and so on, up to F12. The functionality of these keys varies from program to program.
Navigation keys
These keys are used for moving around in documents or webpages and editing text. They include the arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert.
Numeric keypad
The numeric keypad is handy for entering numbers i.e 0-9 quickly. The keys are grouped together in a block like a conventional calculator or adding machine.
7. What are the use of function keys in keyboard?
Answer:
The function keys are used to perform specific tasks. They are labeled as F1, F2, F3, and so on, up to F12. The functionality of these keys varies from program to program.
Here are some common uses of function keys:
F1: The F1 key is commonly used as a help key.
F2: In many applications, pressing F2 allows you to rename selected files or objects.
F3: F3 is commonly used to activate a search function within an application or operating system.
F4: The functionality of the F4 key varies depending on the context.
F5: F5 is often associated with refreshing or reloading content
F6: F6 is used to move the cursor or input focus to different areas within a program or application.
F7: F7 is primarily used in word processing software as a shortcut to initiate spelling and grammar checks.
F8: The function of F8 varies depending on the context.
F9: F9 typically doesn’t have a standard function in most applications, but it may be assigned custom functions by specific software.
F10: F10 is often used to activate menus or access application commands.
F11: In web browsers, pressing F11 toggles full-screen mode, maximizing the browser window to fill the entire screen.
F12: F12 is commonly associated with opening the developer tools or console in web browsers.
Write the functions of following:
1. HDMI Port
HDMI stands for “High Definition Media Interface” is digital interface developed to connect high definition devices such as digital cameras, LED’s and gaming console etc., to computers with HDMI ports.
2. Type-C
Type-C ports are primarily used for data transfer, charging, and connectivity with various peripherals.
3. SATA Port
SATA port enables storage devices, such as hard drives and optical devices, to communicate with motherboard using a high – speed serial cable over two pairs of conductors.
4. Graphic Card
A graphics card is an expansion card which generates output images to a display device, such as a computer monitor. A graphics card provides high-quality visual display by processing and executing graphical data using advanced graphical techniques, features and functions.
5. Webcam
A webcam is a video camera attached to a computer to record or stream to the computer or computer network. Webcam can be used for following purposes:
>Still Images
>Video Recording
>Video Conferencing